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什么是稱重傳感器

發布日(ri)期:2024-09-07 瀏覽次數:429

  稱(cheng)重傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)實際(ji)上是一種將質(zhi)量(liang)信(xin)號轉(zhuan)變(bian)為可(ke)測量(liang)的電(dian)信(xin)號輸出(chu)的裝置。用傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)應先要考(kao)慮傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)所處(chu)的實際(ji)工作環境,這點對正確(que)選用稱(cheng)重傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)至關(guan)重要,它關(guan)系到傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)能(neng)否正常(chang)工作以及它的安(an)全(quan)和使用壽命,乃至整個衡器(qi)的可(ke)靠性和安(an)全(quan)性。在稱(cheng)重傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)主(zhu)要技術指標的基本概念和評價方法上,新(xin)舊國標有質(zhi)的差(cha)異。主(zhu)要有S型(xing)、懸臂型(xing)、輪(lun)輻式(shi)、板(ban)環式(shi)、膜盒式(shi)、橋式(shi)、柱筒式(shi)等幾種樣式(shi)。稱(cheng)重傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)性能(neng)的好壞很大程度(du)上取決于制造材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)的選擇(ze)。稱(cheng)重傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)包括以下幾個部(bu)分:應變(bian)片材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)、彈性體(ti)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)[4]、貼(tie)片黏合劑材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)、密封膠材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)、引(yin)(yin)線(xian)密封材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)和引(yin)(yin)線(xian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)。


  一般情況下(xia),高溫(wen)環(huan)(huan)境對(dui)(dui)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)造(zao)成(cheng)涂覆材料(liao)融化、焊(han)點開(kai)化、彈性體(ti)內應力(li)發生結構(gou)變化等(deng)問題(ti);粉塵、潮濕(shi)對(dui)(dui)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)造(zao)成(cheng)短(duan)路的影響;在腐蝕性較高的環(huan)(huan)境下(xia)會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)彈性體(ti)受損或產(chan)生短(duan)路現象;電磁場對(dui)(dui)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)輸出(chu)會(hui)產(chan)生干擾。相(xiang)應的環(huan)(huan)境因素下(xia)我們必須選(xuan)擇(ze)對(dui)(dui)應的稱重傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)才能(neng)滿足(zu)必要的稱重要求(qiu)。


  應(ying)用(yong)(yong)領域(yu)很廣,比如鋁(lv)合(he)金懸臂梁傳(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)適(shi)(shi)合(he)于(yu)電(dian)子(zi)計價秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、平臺(tai)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、案(an)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等;鋼(gang)式懸臂梁傳(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)電(dian)子(zi)皮帶秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、分選秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等;鋼(gang)質橋式傳(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)軌道衡(heng)(heng)(heng)、汽(qi)車(che)(che)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)等;柱式傳(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)適(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)汽(qi)車(che)(che)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)、動態軌道衡(heng)(heng)(heng)、大噸位料斗秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等。稱重傳(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)主要應(ying)用(yong)(yong)在(zai)各(ge)種電(dian)子(zi)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)器(qi)(qi)、工(gong)業控制(zhi)領域(yu)、在(zai)線控制(zhi)、安(an)全過載報警、材(cai)料試驗機等領域(yu)。如電(dian)子(zi)汽(qi)車(che)(che)衡(heng)(heng)(heng)、電(dian)子(zi)臺(tai)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電(dian)子(zi)叉車(che)(che)、動態軸(zhou)重秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電(dian)子(zi)吊鉤秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電(dian)子(zi)計價秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電(dian)子(zi)鋼(gang)材(cai)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、電(dian)子(zi)軌道衡(heng)(heng)(heng)、料斗秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、配(pei)料秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、罐裝(zhuang)秤(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等。


  主要構成:


  敏感元件


  直接(jie)感(gan)受被(bei)測量(liang)(liang)(liang)(質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang))并輸出與(yu)被(bei)測量(liang)(liang)(liang)有確定關系的其他量(liang)(liang)(liang)的元件(jian)。如(ru)電阻(zu)應變(bian)式稱重傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)的彈(dan)性體,是將被(bei)測物體的質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)為形變(bian);電容式稱重傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)的彈(dan)性體將被(bei)測的質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變(bian)為位(wei)移。


  變(bian)換元件


  又稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)元件(jian),是將敏感(gan)(gan)元件(jian)的(de)(de)輸出轉變(bian)(bian)(bian)為便于測量(liang)的(de)(de)信號。如電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)應變(bian)(bian)(bian)式稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)應變(bian)(bian)(bian)計(或稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)應變(bian)(bian)(bian)片),將彈(dan)性體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)形變(bian)(bian)(bian)轉換為電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)量(liang)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化;電(dian)(dian)容式稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi),將彈(dan)性體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)位(wei)移(yi)轉變(bian)(bian)(bian)為電(dian)(dian)容量(liang)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化。有時(shi)某(mou)些(xie)元件(jian)兼有敏感(gan)(gan)元件(jian)和變(bian)(bian)(bian)換元件(jian)兩者的(de)(de)職能。如電(dian)(dian)壓式稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)壓電(dian)(dian)材料,在(zai)外載(zai)荷的(de)(de)作用下,在(zai)發生(sheng)變(bian)(bian)(bian)形的(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)輸出電(dian)(dian)量(liang)。


  測量元件


  將(jiang)變(bian)換元件的(de)輸出變(bian)換為電(dian)信號(hao),為進一步傳(chuan)(chuan)輸、處理(li)、顯示、記錄或(huo)控制(zhi)提供(gong)方便。如電(dian)阻應變(bian)式稱重傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器中的(de)電(dian)橋電(dian)路,壓電(dian)式稱重傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器的(de)電(dian)荷前置放大器。


  輔助電源


  為(wei)(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)信號輸出提供能量。一(yi)般稱重傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)均需外鏈(lian)電(dian)源才(cai)能工作。因(yin)此,作為(wei)(wei)一(yi)個產品(pin)必須標明供電(dian)的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu),但(dan)不(bu)作為(wei)(wei)稱重傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)組成部(bu)分。有(you)些傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi),如磁電(dian)式速度傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi),由于他(ta)輸出的(de)(de)(de)能量較大(da),故不(bu)需要輔助電(dian)源也能正(zheng)常工作。所以并非所有(you)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)都要有(you)輔助電(dian)源。


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